Optimalisasi Lintasan Penerbangan untuk Efisiensi dan Keberlanjutan Perusahaan Penerbangan: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis
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Abstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji perkembangan optimisasi lintasan penerbangan dengan fokus pada penerbangan sipil dalam konteks manajemen lalu lintas udara dan trajectory-based operation. Tinjauan literatur sistematis dilakukan dengan mengikuti pedoman PRISMA 2020 terhadap 51 artikel yang teridentifikasi melalui basis data Scopus. Studi yang tidak relevan dengan domain optimasi lintasan penerbangan sipil seperti pemasaran, brand, kepemimpinan, komunikasi nirkabel murni tanpa implikasi lintasan, maupun spacecraft dikeluarkan pada tahap penyaringan. Sebagian kecil kajian Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) dipertahankan jika secara eksplisit membahas pengelolaan lintasan yang dapat ditransfer ke operasi penerbangan sipil. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) dan Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Broadcast (ADS-B) diasosiasikan dengan peningkatan presisi lintasan serta potensi penurunan konsumsi bahan bakar dan emisi CO₂. Continuous Climb Operations (CCO) dan Continuous Descent Operations (CDO) berkontribusi terhadap pengurangan fuel burn, emisi CO₂/NOx, dan kebisingan di sekitar bandara dalam berbagai konteks operasional. Integrasi trajectory-based operations dengan Air Traffic Flow Management menunjukkan kecenderungan untuk meningkatkan prediktabilitas jadwal dan mengurangi delay pada tingkat jaringan. Pemetaan bukti disajikan melalui kerangka teknologi–indikator kinerja (fuel burn, emisi, waktu tempuh, delay, kebisingan), yang juga menyoroti keterbatasan bukti empiris pada konteks negara berkembang. Temuan ini memberikan dasar analitis bagi pengembangan kebijakan dan agenda riset lanjutan mengenai efisiensi dan dekarbonisasi penerbangan sipil.
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1. Kebijakan yang diajukan untuk jurnal yang menawarkan akses terbuka
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Penulis yang menerbitkan dengan jurnal ini setuju pada persyaratan berikut ini:
- Penulis menyimpan hak cipta dan memberikan jurnal hak penerbitan pertama, dengan pekerjaan [TENTUKAN PERIODE WAKTU] setelah penerbitan secara simultan dengan lisensi di bawah: Creative Commons Attribution License yang memudahkan yang lain untuk berbagi karya dengan pengakuan penerbitan awal dan kepenulisan karya di jurnal ini.
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- Penulis diizinkan dan didorong untuk mem-posting karya mereka online (contoh: di repositori institusional atau di website mereka) sebelum dan selama proses penyerahan, karena dapat mengarahkan ke pertukaran produktif, seperti halnya sitiran yang lebih awal dan lebih hebat dari karya yang diterbitkan.
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