Analisis Penyebab Risky Driving Behavior pada Sopir Busdi Terminal Tirtonadi

Main Article Content

Bambang Suhardi
Adrian Kwanadi Setiono

Abstract

Kecelakaan transportasi bus telah mencapai 14.696 kasus pada tahun 2021 dan didapatkan faktor manusia, khususnya perilaku mengemudi yang berisiko menjadi faktor dominan penyebab kecelakaan. Berdasarkan survei awal, ditemukan bahwa perilaku mengemudi sopir bus di Terminal Tirtonadi berisiko karena mereka mengemudi dengan kecepatan tinggi saat jalan sepi, menyalip melalui sisi kiri, menerobos lampu merah, dan berkendara dengan menggunakan handphone. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap risky driving behavior dan usulan perbaikan untuk meminimalkan risky driving behavior. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah PLS-SEM. Metode ini digunakan untuk menguji hubungan antar variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stres berpengaruh signifikan terhadap risky driving behavior (p-value = 0,040). Sementara itu, faktor organisasi (p-value = 0,450), kesehatan mental (p-value = 0,370), kelelahan (p-value = 0,643), kesehatan fisik (p-value = 0,906), dan kemampuan mengemudi (p-value = 0,822) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap risky driving behavior. Stres dapat memicu perilaku mengemudi yang lebih berisiko. Karena stres mengganggu fungsi kognitif, seperti kemampuan berkonsentrasi, membuat keputusan, dan bereaksi cepat terhadap situasi yang berubah-ubah di jalan. Stres dapat memicu emosi negatif seperti kemarahan dan frustrasi, yang dapat mendorong perilaku agresif saat mengemudi. Perbaikan yang diusulkan pada perusahaan otobus (PO) untuk meminimalkan risky driving behavior pada sopir bus adalah menyediakan fasilitas istirahat, olahraga, makan bergizi gratis, pengaturan jam kerja, dan pemberian bonus.  Sedangkan pengelola terminal menyediakan ruang istirahat yang nyaman untuk sopir bus.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

Section

Articles

References

[1] R. Zuraida, "Fatigue Risk of Long-Distance Driver as The Impact of The Duration of Work," ComTech, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 319-328, 2015

[2] B. P. S. Indonesia, Statistik Indonesia 2023, Jakarta: BPS Indonesia, 2023.

[3] Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia, "Polisi Lalu Lintas Dalam Angka Tahun 2021," Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia Korps Lalu Lintas, 2021.

[4] WHO, "Road traffic injuries," World Health Organization, 13 December 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/road-traffic-injuries. [Accessed 23 June 2024].

[5] KNKT, "Laporan Statistik Investigasi Kecelakaan Transportasi 2022 Semester 1," KNKT, Jakarta, 2022.

[6] S. Bagaskara, "Perbandingan Perilaku Mengemudi Berisiko Antara Pengemudi Mobil dan Pengendara Sepeda Motor dan Kaitannya dengan Faktor-Faktor Kepribadian," Jurnal Transportasi, pp. 79-88, 2017.

[7] J. Irianto and S. Djaja, "Status Kesehatan Pengemudi dan Kelaikan Bus Menjelang Mudik Lebaran Tahun 2015," Media Litbangkes, pp. 181-190, 2016.

[8] V. C. Magana, W. D. Scherz, R. Seepold, N. M. Madrid, X. G. Paneda and R. Garcia, "The Effects of the Driver's Mental State and Passenger Compartment Conditions on Driving Performance and Driving Stress," Sensors, p. 5274, 2020.

[9] Y. Jiao, X. Wang, X. Zhao and D. Hurwitz, "Effects of insomnia on risky behavior among bus drivers: The mediating effect of mental health," Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2024.

[10] L. Bowen and A. P. Smith, "Drive better, feel better: Examining associations between well-being and driving behaviour in students," Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, pp. 310-326, 2019.

[11] X. Shi and L. Zhang, "Effects of altruism and burnout on driving behavior of bus driver," Accident Analysis and Prevention, pp. 110-115, 2017.

[12] H. E. K. Walker and L. M. Trick, "Mind-wandering while driving: The impact of fatigue, task length, and sustained attention abilities," Transportation Research Part F, pp. 81-97, 2018.

[13] A.-B. A. Al-Mekhlafi, A. S. N. Isha and G. M. A. Naji, "The Relationshop Between Fatigue and Driving Performance: A Review and Directions for Future Research," Journal of Critical Review, pp. 134-141, 2020.

[14] A. J. F. Filtness, J. S. Hickman, J. E. Mabry, L. Glenn, H. Mao and M. Camden, "Associations between high caffeine consumption, driving safety indicators, sleep and health behaviours in truck drivers," Safety Science, 2020.

[15] L. Yang, X. Li, W. Guan and S. Jiang, "Assessing the relationshop between driving skill, driving behavior and driving aggressiveness," Journal of Transportation Safety & Security, pp. 737-757, 2020.

[16] J. K. Caird and T. J. Kline, "The Relationships Between Organizational and Individual Variables to On-the-Job Driver Accidents and Accident-Free Kilometers," Proceedings of the IEA 2000/HFES 2000 Congress, pp. 361-364, 2004.

[17] D. J. Koys and T. A. DeCottis, "Inductive measures of Psychological Climate," Human Relations, pp. 265-285, 1991.

[18] P. Sarbescu, C. Sulea and D. Moza, "Supervisor undermining and driving errors in truck drivers: A moderated mediation model," Transportation Research Part F, pp. 122-130, 2017.

[19] E. Rendon-Velez, P. M. van Leeuwen, R. Happee, I. Horvath and W. F. van der Vegte, "The effects of time pressure on driver performance and physiological activity: A driving simulator study," Transportation Research Part F, pp. 150-159, 2016.

[20] B. Oz, T. Ozkan and T. Lajunen, "An investigation of the relationship between organizational climate and professional drivers' driver behaviours," Safety Science, pp. 1484-1489, 2010.

[21] X. Wang, K. Wang, K. Huang, X. Wu, W. Huang and L. Yang, "The association between demographic characteristics personality, and mental health of bus drivers in China: A structural equation model," Physiology & Behavior, vol. 229, 2021.

[22] P. Delhomme and A. Gheorghiu, "Perceived stress, mental health, organizational factors, and self-reported risky driving behaviors among truck drivers circulating in France," Journal of Safety Research, pp. 341-351, 2021.

[23] W. B. Ali, L. Kim, S. Pongsakornrungsilp and S. Chinchanachokchai, "Factors influencing job stress: Evidence from tellers in Cambodia," Problems and Perspectives in Management, pp. 140-149, 2023.

[24] S. A. Useche, V. G. Ortiz and B. E. Cendales, "Stress-related psychosocial factors at work, fatigue, and risky driving behavior in bus rapid transport (BRT) drivers," Accident Analysis and Prevention, pp. 106-114, 2017.

[25] G. K. Dewi, "Peran Mediasi Organizational Commitment pada Pengaruh Job Satisfication Terhadap Turnover Intention pada Karyawan PT Pancaputra Mitratama Mandiri," Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 1133-1145, 2020.

[26] World Health Organization, "The WHO-5 Well-Being Index," 1998.

[27] T. S. Kristensen, M. Borritz, E. Villadsen and K. B. Christensen, "The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory: A new tool for the assessment of burnout," Work & Stress: An International Journal of Work, Health & Organisations, pp. 192-207, 2007.

[28] M. D. Mzarek, D. T. Phillips, M. S. Franklin, J. M. Broadway and J. W. Schooler, "Young and restless: validation of the Mind-Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ) reveals disruptive impact of mind-wandering for youth," Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 4, 2013.

[29] C. H. Bastien, A. Vallieres and C. M. Morin, "Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research," Sleep Medicine, pp. 297-307, 2001.

[30] R. L. Spitzer, K. Kroenke, J. B. W. Williams and B. Lowe, "A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder," Arch Intern Med., vol. 166, no. 10, pp. 1092-1097, 2006.

[31] R. L. Spitzer, K. Kroenke and J. B. Williams, "Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: the PHQ primary care study," JAMA, vol. 282, no. 18, pp. 1737-1744, 1999.

[32] M. Worm-Smeitink, M. Gielissen, L. Bloot, H. W. M. v. Laarhoven, B. G. M. v. Engelen, P. v. Riel, G. Bleijenberg, S. Nikolaus and H. Knoop, "The assessment of fatigue: Psychometric qualities and norms for the Checklist individual strength," Journal of Psychosomatic Research, pp. 40-46, 2017.

[33] S. Cohen, T. Kamarck and R. Mermelstein, "A Global Measure of Perceived Stress," Journal of Health and Social Behavior, pp. 385-396, 1983.

[34] M. Maslac, B. Antic, D. Pesic and N. Milutinovic, "Behavioirs of professional drivers: Validation of the DBQ for drivers who transport dangerous goods in Serbia," Transportation Research Part F, pp. 80-88, 2017.

[35] M. Sarstedt, C. M. Ringle and F. J. Hair, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling, Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021.

[36] I. M. A. A. Pering, "Kajian Analisis Jalur dengan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Smart-PLS 3.0," Jurnal Satyagraha, pp. 28-49, 2020.

[37] Y. Rahmawati, Pristiyono and N. Gulo, "Analisis Motivasi Konsumen dan Impulsive Buying dalam Berbelanja Online E-commerce Indonesia," Management Studies and Entrepreneurship Journal, pp. 5024-5039, 2024.

[38] A. M. Ashari, S. Hartati, “Hubungan Antara Stres, Kecemasan, Depresi dengan Kecenderungan Aggressive Driving pada Mahasiswa,” Jurnal Empati, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1-6, 2017.

[39] Nurmasari, “The roles of driver stress on driving style,” Psikologia: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Psikologi, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1-5, 2021.

[40] Y. R. S. Samara, K. Lidia, I. M. B. Setiawan, “Hubungan Tingkat Stres dengan Perilaku Aggressive Driving pada Pengemudi Ojek Online di Kota Kupang,” Cendana Medical Journal, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 88-96, 2022.