Tipologi Potensi Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) di Sekitar Stasiun Light Rail Transit (LRT) Sumatera Selatan
Main Article Content
Abstract
Abstrak
Light Rail Transit (LRT) Sumatera Selatan dengan 13 stasiun pemberhentian menyediakan alternatif moda transportasi umum massal di Kota Palembang. Jalur LRT sepanjang sekitar 23 kilometer membentang dari utara ke selatan yang merupakan koridor utama Kota Palembang. Stasiun sebagai titik transit perpindahan dari moda transportasi LRT ke angkutan umum lainnya dan sebaliknya, berpotensi untuk menjadi bagian dari pengembangan Transit-Oriented Development (TOD). Masing-masing stasiun memiliki karakteristik tertentu sesuai kondisi lingkungan terbangun di sekitarnya. Pengelompokan stasiun sebagai area yang potensial untuk pengembangan TOD menyederhanakan perencanaan dan perancangannya. Dengan menggunakan data berbasis spasial, yaitu kepadatan penduduk, persentase kawasan perkantoran, persentase kawasan komersial, rata-rata jarak berjalan kaki, dan kepadatan persimpangan, dilakukan analisis cluster. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 cluster potensi TOD pada jalur LRT yaitu cluster dengan jarak berjalan jauh, cluster kawasan komersial dan/atau perkantoran, dan cluster area padat penduduk dan/atau persimpangan.
Kata kunci: Light Rail Transit (LRT), Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), Analisis Cluster, Data Berbasis Spasial.
Abstract
The Typology of the Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) Potential around the South Sumatera Light Rail Transit (LRT): The South Sumatera Light Rail Transit (LRT) that has 13 stops provides an alternative mass public transport mode in Palembang City. The LRT track is around 23 kilometers, run from north to south of Palembang City which is the main corridor. As a transit point from the LRT to other public transport and vice versa, stations potentially be a part of the TOD development area. Each station has certain characteristics according to the built environment around it. Grouping stations as potential areas for TOD development simplifies planning and design. Using spatial base data including population density, percentage of office area, percentage of the commercial area, average walking distance, and intersection density as variables, cluster analysis was conducted. The results of the analysis showed that there were 3 TOD clusters in the LRT pathway including the cluster with long walking distance, cluster in the commercial and/or office area, and cluster in the dense population and/or intersections.
Keywords: Light Rail Transit (LRT), Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), Cluster Analysis, Spatial Base Data.
Downloads
Article Details
Section
Usulan Pembuatan Informasi Hak Cipta
1. Kebijakan yang diajukan untuk jurnal yang menawarkan akses terbuka
Syarat yang harus dipenuhi oleh Penulis sebagai berikut:
- Penulis menyimpan hak cipta dan memberikan jurnal hak penerbitan pertama naskah secara simultan dengan lisensi di bawah Creative Commons Attribution License yang mengizinkan orang lain untuk berbagi pekerjaan dengan sebuah pernyataan kepenulisan pekerjaan dan penerbitan awal di jurnal ini.
- Penulis dapat memasukkan ke dalam penyusunan kontraktual tambahan terpisah untuk distribusi non ekslusif versi kaya terbitan jurnal (contoh: mempostingnya ke repositori institusional atau menerbitkannya dalam sebuah buku), dengan pengakuan penerbitan awalnya di jurnal ini.
- Penulis diizinkan dan didorong untuk mem-posting karya mereka online (contoh: di repositori institusional atau di website mereka) sebelum dan selama proses penyerahan, karena dapat mengarahkan ke pertukaran produktif, seperti halnya sitiran yang lebih awal dan lebih hebat dari karya yang diterbitkan.
2. Kebijakan yang diajukan untuk jurnal yang menawarkan akses terbuka yang tertunda
Penulis yang menerbitkan dengan jurnal ini setuju pada persyaratan berikut ini:
- Penulis menyimpan hak cipta dan memberikan jurnal hak penerbitan pertama, dengan pekerjaan [TENTUKAN PERIODE WAKTU] setelah penerbitan secara simultan dengan lisensi di bawah: Creative Commons Attribution License yang memudahkan yang lain untuk berbagi karya dengan pengakuan penerbitan awal dan kepenulisan karya di jurnal ini.
- Penulis bisa memasukkan ke dalam penyusunan kontraktual tambahan terpisah untuk distribusi non-ekslusif versi kaya terbitan jurnal (contoh: mempostingnya ke repositori institusional atau menerbitkannya dalam sebuah buku), dengan pengakuan penerbitan awalnya di jurnal ini.
- Penulis diizinkan dan didorong untuk mem-posting karya mereka online (contoh: di repositori institusional atau di website mereka) sebelum dan selama proses penyerahan, karena dapat mengarahkan ke pertukaran produktif, seperti halnya sitiran yang lebih awal dan lebih hebat dari karya yang diterbitkan.
Warta Penelitian Perhubungan by Sekretariat Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perhubungan is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Based on a work at //ojs.balitbanghub.dephub.go.id/index.php/warlit/index.
References
[1] K. P. Bappenas, “Review Outline Business Case/ Kajian Awal Prastudi Kelayakan Report Penyiapan Dokumen Transaksi Proyek Kerjasama Pemerintah Swasta Palembang Monorail,” Jakarta, 2015. [Online]. Available: https://www.bappenas.go.id/files/pkps/monorail_palembang/Reviu Kajian Awal Prastudi Kelayakan (Outline Business Case).pdf.
[2] “Review Studi Kelayakan Light Rail Transit (LRT) di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan”, PT. Waskita Karya (Persero) Tbk-PT. Trisula Meganta Consultant Engineering & Soil Investigation, Palembang, 2018.
[3] S. Niu, A. Hu, Z. Shen, S. Siu, Y. Lau, and X. Gan, “Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering Study on land use characteristics of rail transit TOD sites in new towns-taking Singapore as an example) Study on land use characteristics of rail transit TOD sites in new towns-taking Singapore as an example Study on land use characteristics of rail transit TOD sites in new towns-taking Singapore as an example,” J. Asian Archit. Build. Eng., vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 16–27, 2019, doi: 10.1080/13467581.2019.1586712.
[4] P. Calthorpe, The Next American Metropolis: Ecology, Community, and the American Dream: Calthorpe, Peter: 9781878271686: Amazon.com: Books. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 1993.
[5] D. Bowyer, “Measuring urban growth, urban form and accessibility as indicators of urban sprawl in Hamilton, New Zealand,” 2015. Accessed: Jun. 09, 2021. [Online]. Available://lup.lub.lu.se/studentpapers/record/8230612.
[6] V. Paül and M. Tonts, “Containing urban sprawl: Trends in land use and spatial planning in the Metropolitan Region of Barcelona,” J. Environ. Plan. Manag., vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 7–35, Jan. 2005, doi: 10.1080/0964056042000308139.
[7] P. La Greca, L. Barbarossa, M. Ignaccolo, G. Inturri, and F. Martinico, “The density dilemma. A proposal for introducing smart growth principles in a sprawling settlement within Catania Metropolitan Area,” Cities, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 527–535, Dec. 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.cities.2011.06.009.
[8] P. Abelairas-Etxebarria and I. Astorkiza, “Farmland prices and land-use changes in periurban protected natural areas,” Land use policy, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 674–683, Jul. 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2011.11.003.
[9] M. McEldowney, T. Ryley, M. Scott, and A. Smyth, “Integrating land-use planning and transportation in Belfast: A new policy agenda for sustainable development?,” J. Environ. Plan. Manag., vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 507–526, Jul. 2005, doi: 10.1080/09640560500128418.
[10] P. A. Calthorpe, Design Guidelines /Final Public Review Draft for Sacramento County Planning Community Development Department, 1990.
[11] M. S. Bernick and R. B. Cervero, “Transit Villages in the 21st Century:,” in Transit Villages in the 21st Century:, 1st ed., McGraw-Hill; First Edition, 1996
[12] T. Still, “Transit-Oriented Development: Reshaping America’s Metropolitan Landscape - OCG Winter 2002 Issue,” National Association of Realtors, 2002. https://www.nar.realtor/smart_growth.nsf/Pages/ocg_winter2002_transit_oriented_development.
[13] R. Cervero, C. Ferrell, and S. Murphy, “Transit-Oriented Development and Joint Development In The United States: A Literature Review,” Eashington, vol. 52, 2002.
[14] J. Renne, “Evaluating Transit-Oriented Development Using a Sustainability Framework: Lessons from Perth’s Network City,” Univ. Calgary, pp. 115–148, 2008.
[15] H. Suzuki, R. Cervero, and K. Iuchi, Transforming Cities with Transit. The World Bank, 2013.
[16] H. M. Taki, M. M. H. Maatouk, E. M. Qurnfulah, and M. O. Aljoufie, “Planning TOD with land use and transport integration: a review,” J. Geosci. Eng. Environ. Technol., vol. 2, no. 1, p. 84, Mar. 2017, doi: 10.24273/jgeet.2017.2.1.17.
[17] C. Curtis and J. Scheurer, “Planning for sustainable accessibility: Developing tools to aid discussion and decision-making,” Prog. Plann., vol. 74, no. 2, pp. 53–106, Aug. 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.progress.2010.05.001.
[18] H. S. Hasibuan, T. P. Soemardi, R. Koestoer, and S. Moersidik, “The Role of Transit Oriented Development in Constructing Urban Environment Sustainability, the Case of Jabodetabek, Indonesia,” Procedia Environ. Sci., vol. 20, pp. 622–631, Jan. 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.proenv.2014.03.075.
[19] R. Cervero and D. Dai, “BRT TOD: Leveraging transit oriented development with bus rapid transit investments,” Transp. Policy, vol. 36, pp. 127–138, Nov. 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2014.08.001.
[20] J. Black, K. Tara, and P. Pakzad, “Planning and design elements for transit oriented developments/smart cities: Examples of cultural borrowings,” in Procedia Engineering, Jan. 2016, vol. 142, pp. 2–9, doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.02.006.
[21] Y. Dou, X. Luo, L. Dong, C. Wu, H. Liang, and J. Ren, “An empirical study on transit-oriented low-carbon urban land use planning: Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) on Shanghai, China,” Habitat Int., vol. 53, pp. 379–389, Apr. 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2015.12.005.
[22] G. Li, X. Luan, J. Yang, and X. Lin, “Value capture beyond municipalities: Transit-oriented development and inter-city passenger rail investment in China’s Pearl River Delta,” J. Transp. Geogr., vol. 33, pp. 268–277, Dec. 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.08.015.
[23] E. E. Boschmann and S. A. Brady, “Travel behaviors, sustainable mobility, and transit-oriented developments: A travel counts analysis of older adults in the Denver, Colorado metropolitan area,” J. Transp. Geogr., vol. 33, pp. 1–11, Dec. 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.09.001.
[24] K. A. Ratner and A. R. Goetz, “The reshaping of land use and urban form in Denver through transit-oriented development,” Cities, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 31–46, Feb. 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.cities.2012.08.007.
[25] K. M. Kockelman, “Travel behavior as function of accessibility, land use mixing, and land use balance: Evidence from San Francisco Bay Area,” Transp. Res. Rec., no. 1607, pp. 116–125, 1997, doi: 10.3141/1607-16.
[26] M. Zhang, “The role of land use in travel mode choice: Evidence from boston and hong kong,” J. Am. Plan. Assoc., vol. 70, no. 3, pp. 344–360, 2004, doi: 10.1080/01944360408976383.
[27] L. D. Frank, B. Chair, A. Devlin, S. Johnstone, and J. Van Loon, “Neighbourhood Design, Travel, and Health in Metro Vancouver: Using a Walkability Index Executive Summary Executive Summary Neighbourhood Design, Travel, and Health in Metro Vancouver,” 2010. Accessed: Jun. 09, 2021. [Online]. Available: www.publictransportation.org/facts/100917_transit_savings.asp.
[28] G. B. Arrington, “Light Rail and The American City: State-Of-The-Practice For Transit-Oriented Development,” 2003.
[29] R. Huang, A. Grigolon, M. Madureira, and M. Brussel, “Measuring transit-oriented development (TOD) network complementarity based on tod node typology,” J. Transp. Land Use, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 304–324, 2018, doi: 10.5198/jtlu.2018.1110.
[30] R. Cervero and K. Kockelman, “Travel demand and the 3Ds: Density, diversity, and design,” Transp. Res. Part D Transp. Environ., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 199–219, Sep. 1997, doi: 10.1016/S1361-9209(97)00009-6.
[31] R. Ewing and R. Cervero, “Travel and the built environment: A synthesis,” in Transportation Research Record, Jan. 2001, no. 1780, pp. 87–113, doi: 10.3141/1780-10.
[32] E. Guerra, R. Cervero, and D. Tischler, “Half-mile circle,” Transp. Res. Rec., no. 2276, pp. 101–109, Dec. 2012, doi: 10.3141/2276-12.
[33] A. A. Wright and S. Thiriez, “Bus services : reducing costs, raising standards / Alan Armstrong-Wright and Sebastien Thiriez | National Library of Australia,” Washington DC, 1987. Accessed: Jun. 09, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/103028.
[34] A. Hidayat, “Penjelasan Lengkap Tentang Analisis Cluster - Uji Statistik,” Mar. 26, 2014. https://www.statistikian.com/2014/03/analisis-cluster.html (accessed Jun. 09, 2021).
[35] M. W. Talakua, Z. A. Leleury, and A. W. Taluta, “Analisis Cluster Dengan Menggunakan Metode K-MEANS Untuk Pengelompokkan Kabupaten/Kota Di Provinsi Maluku Berdasarkan Indikator Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Tahun 2014,” Barekeng J. Ilmu Mat. dan Terap., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 119–128, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.30598/barekengvol11iss2pp119-128.
[36] P. P. T. Antarmoda, “Tipologi Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Pada Light Rail Transit (LRT) Palembang.” 2018
[37] Peraturan Daerah Sumatera Selatan, “Tentang Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Provinsi Sumatera Selatan Tahun 2016-2036,” 2016. https://bappeda.sumselprov.go.id/userfiles/files/20180607114512perda-prov-sumsel-no-11-th-2016_rtrwp-sumsel.pdf.
[38] Badan Pusat Statistik, “Provinsi Sumatera Selatan Dalam Angka Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Sumatera Selatan (Bps-Statistics Of Sumatera Selatan Province),” 2018. [Online]. Available: https://sumsel.bps.go.id/publication/download.html?nrbvfeve=OWZmODVjODFkN2VjMjAzNTE3ZTA5Y2Fh&xzmn=aHR0cHM6Ly9zdW1zZWwuYnBzLmdvLmlkL3B1YmxpY2F0aW9uLzIwMTgvMDgvMTYvOWZmODVjODFkN2VjMjAzNTE3ZTA5Y2FhL3Byb3ZpbnNpLXN1bWF0ZXJhLXNlbGF0YW4tZGFsYW0tYW5na2EtMjAxOC5odG1s&twoadfnoarfeauf=MjAyMS0wNi0xNCAxMzo1Mzo1MA%3D%3D.