Efektivitas dan Efisiensi Program Tol Laut berbasis AHP (Studi Kasus: Pelabuhan Tahuna)

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Florentina Kristini
Azis Nur Bambang
Wisnu Handoko
Antoni Arif Priadi

Abstract

Abstrak

Tol laut merupakan program pemerintah Indonesia yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan konektivitas antarwilayah, pemerataan distribusi barang dan mengurangi disparitas harga antara wilayah Barat Indonesia dan wilayah Timur Indonesia. Perencanaan tol laut dimulai pada akhir tahun 2015 dan telah berjalan selama tiga tahun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa nilai efektivitas dan efisiensi pelaksanaan program tol laut sekaligus menganalisa faktor dan subfaktor yang menjadi prioritas utama dengan menggunakan metode analisis Analitical Hierarchy Process (AHP).  Jenis data yang dikumpulkan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Pengumpulan data primer dengan melakukan wawancara terhadap responden untuk pengisian kuesioner dalam penentuan nilai pembobotan yang kemudian diolah dengan menggunakan AHP dan nilai variabel yaitu nilai yang diberikan oleh responden terkait kondisi dari kriteria dan subkriteria berdasarkan Skala Likert. Pengumpulan data sekunder diperoleh dari Direktorat Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Laut yakni berupa data realisasi tol laut terkait jumlah pelayaran, jumlah muatan, dan jenis muatan. Penelitian dilakukan kepada PT Pelayaran Nasional Indonesia Cabang Surabaya selaku operator kapal tol laut pada trayek 4. Responden dalam penelitian ini meliputi Kepala Urusan Pemasaran Penjualan Jasa, Staf Administrasi dan Umum, Manajer Tol Laut, dan Kepala Sub Cabang Tahuna. Penelitian ini dibatasi hanya untuk trayek 4 yang melalui Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak – Makassar - Tahuna. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa program tol laut berjalan cukup efektif. Untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensinya, faktor yang harus diutamakan adalah faktor infrastruktur dan faktor biaya. Adapun subfaktor yang perlu diprioritaskan adalah subfaktor multimoda, subfaktor infrastruktur sekitar pelabuhan dan subfaktor biaya kontainer.

Kata kunci: AHP, efektivitas program, efisiensi distribusi, faktor prioritas, tol laut.

Abstract

The Effectiveness and Efficiency of Sea Highway Program Based on AHP (Case Study: Tahuna Harbour): Sea highway is an Indonesian government program that aims to improve connectivity between regions, equitable distribution of goods and reduce price disparities between Western and Eastern regions of Indonesia. Sea highway planning began at the end of 2015 and has been running for 3 years. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of the sea highway program and analyze the factors and sub factors that were the top priority using the Analitical Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis method. The data collected were primary and secondary data. Primary data collection were done by asking respondents to fill in the questionnaire that determined the value which was then processed using AHP and variable values, namely the value given by the respondent related to the condition of the criteria and sub-criteria based on a Likert Scale. Secondary data was obtained from the Directorate of Sea Traffic and Transport in the form of Sea highway realization data related to the number of shipping, the number of loads, and the type of cargo. This research was conducted to PT. Pelayaran Nasional Indonesia Surabaya Branch as the ship operator of the sea highway route 4. The respondents in this study were the Head of Marketing Services Sales Services, Administrative and General Staff, Sea highway Managers, and the Head of Tahuna Sub-Branch. This study was limited to route 4 that passed through the Port of Tanjung Perak - Makassar - Tahuna. The results showed that the sea highway road program was quite effective. To increase its effectiveness and efficiency, infrastructure and cost factors must be prioritized. Meanwhile the sub factors that needed to be prioritized were multimodal, infrastructure around the port and container cost.

Keywords: AHP, program effectiveness, distribution efficiency, factor priority, maritime highway road.

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Author Biography

Florentina Kristini, Diponegoro University

Student of Diponegoro University

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