Analisis Kebutuhan Distribusi Logistik Mikro melalui Platform Digital pada Pedagang Sayur Lokal
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Abstract
Konsumsi sayur dan buah masyarakat Indonesia pada tahun 2023 baru mencapai 240,5 gram/kapita/hari, masih di bawah target RPJMN 2020–2024 sebesar 301,3 gram/kapita/hari, salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh inefisiensi rantai distribusi sayuran skala mikro yang mencakup keterbatasan pasokan, sifat produk yang mudah rusak (perishable), serta ketidakpastian pola belanja konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kebutuhan dan pola pemanfaatan teknologi digital dalam mendukung efisiensi distribusi logistik sayuran skala mikro pada penjual sayur. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan unit analisis penjual dan pembeli sayur skala mikro. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan, kuesioner terstruktur, dan wawancara kepada responden, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis kebutuhan dan statistik univariat untuk mengidentifikasi preferensi penggunaan platform serta indikator layanan distribusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 73,3% penjual sayur memanfaatkan WhatsApp untuk meminimalisir risiko barang tidak terjual, sementara 59,4% pembeli masih memilih pasar tradisional dan pedagang keliling, meskipun platform digital seperti Gojek/Grab mulai diminati (43,8%). Dari sisi fitur yang diharapkan, responden memprioritaskan daftar barang, informasi harga, identitas penjual, jaminan kualitas produk, serta opsi pembayaran tunai (Cash on Delivery). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi platform digital berpotensi meningkatkan efisiensi distribusi logistik sayuran skala mikro ditinjau dari tiga aspek utama: (1) efisiensi operasional, melalui pengurangan pemborosan akibat produk tidak terjual dan optimalisasi manajemen stok; (2) efisiensi last-mile delivery, melalui percepatan waktu pengiriman dan penurunan biaya distribusi; serta (3) peningkatan aksesibilitas pasar, melalui perluasan jangkauan konsumen dan peningkatan kepercayaan transaksi digital pada pedagang sayur lokal.
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