Dampak Penerapan Protokol Covid-19 Terhadap Kinerja di Pelabuhan Hub Internasional: Studi Kasus Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak

Abstract

Kegiatan bongkar muat barang merupakan faktor penting penentuan kinerja pelayanan kapal di pelabuhan. Pandemi Covid-19 memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap pergerakan aktifitas di Pelabuhan. Protokol kesehatan yang sudah ditetapkan WHO untuk meminimalisir dampak covid 19 dengan menggunkan masker, mencuci tangan, dan menjaga jarak. Dengan menggunakan metode regresi linier polinomial didapatkan hasil penerapan protokol kesehatan pada operator sebesar 85% menggunakan masker, 49% menghindari jabat tangan, 39% mencuci tangan, 39% menjaga jarak, 25% menghindari kerumunan dan 10% melakukan penyemprotan disinfektan. Pada kunjungan kapal berdampak pada turunnya kapal bermuatan curah cair mengalami kontraksi -30% pada triwulan I, Curah kering -48% Triwulan III, dan General Cargo -16% pada triwulan III. Sedangkan volume muatan mengalami penurunan yaitu curah cair -14% pada triwulan I, Curah kering -12% Triwulan II, dan General Cargo -54% pada triwulan III. Model persamaan regresi polinomial didapatkan Y= 320 - 9 X1+ 71 X2 - 54 X3 -13 X4 -63 X5 + 6 X6. Dampak pandemi covid-19 berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap angkutan penumpang, sementara untuk angkutan barang sempat mengalami kontraksi saat awal pandemi dan selanjutnya mengalami peningkatan mendekati normal seperti kondisi pra pandemi.

Abstract

The loading and unloading of goods are an important factor in determining the performance of ship services at the Port. The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the movement of activities at the Port. The health protocol that has been set by WHO is to minimize the impact of COVID-19 by wearing masks, washing hands, and maintaining distance. Using the polynomial linear regression method, the results of implementing health protocols for operators were 85% using masks, 49% avoiding handshakes, 39% washing hands, 39% keeping distance, 25% avoiding crowds and 10% spraying disinfectants. On ship visits, the impact on ships carrying liquid bulk contracted -30% in the first quarter, dry bulk -48% in the third quarter, and General Cargo -16% in the third quarter. Meanwhile, cargo volume decreased, namely liquid bulk -14% in the first quarter, dry bulk -12% in the second quarter, and general cargo -54% in the third quarter. The polynomial regression equation model obtained Y= 320 - 9 X1+ 71 X2 - 54 X3 -13 X4 -63 X5 + 6 X6. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant effect on passenger transportation. In contrast, freight transportation had experienced a contraction at the beginning of the pandemic and subsequently increased to near normal as in pre-pandemic conditions