Kebijakan Kendaraan Listrik dalam Perspektif Pasar dan Infrastruktur: Studi Reviu Komparasi Bilateral Korea Selatan dan Indonesia

Main Article Content

Adventus Managam Simbolon
Budiman Rusli
Candardewini - -

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Electric Vehicle Policy in Market and Infrastructure Perspectives: A Comparative Review Study of South Korea and Indonesia: Environmentally friendly transportation policy is necessary for developing transportation mode technology and sustainable development today. One of the technologies that is widely developed in the field of environmentally friendly transportation is electric vehicles. Many factors influence the implementation of electric vehicle policies in a country, including market stimulation policies and the provision of electric vehicle infrastructure. This paper aims to produce a literature review related to electric vehicle policy and analyze the comparison of the adoption of electric vehicle policies. The analysis method used in this paper is through reviewing literature using the vosviewer application and analyzing the comparison of electric vehicle policy adoption with the electric vehicle market and infrastructure approach that occurs in South Korea and Indonesia. This study resulted in a literature review on the application of electric vehicle policies and compared the policies selected by each country. The role of all electric vehicle policy actors involved is one of the keys to success in its implementation. The review results show two alternatives: electric vehicles based on hybrid and hydrogen technology and electric vehicles based on battery technology. Based on the comparative results between BEV and hybrid electric vehicles, it is concluded that BEV has advantages. The BEV vehicle does not produce exhaust emissions, can grow downstream of Indonesia's electric vehicle battery industry, and support national battery-based electric cars. It is hoped that the Indonesian government can consider the results of this study in implementing a battery-based electric vehicle development policy.

Keywords: bilateral comparative studies, electric vehicle policy, literature review study, transportation policy

ABSTRAK

Kebijakan transportasi yang ramah lingkungan merupakan suatu keharusaan dalam pengembangan teknologi moda transportasi dan pembangunan berkelanjutan saat ini. Salah satu teknologi yang banyak dikembangkan dalam bidang transportasi ramah lingkungan tersebut adalah kendaraan listrik. Keberhasilan suatu negara untuk menerapkan kebijakan kendaraan listrik dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor diantaranya kebijakan stimulasi pasar dan penyediaan infrastruktur kendaraan listrik. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah menghasilkan reviu literatur terkait kebijakan kendaraan listrik dan menganalisis perbandingan adopsi kebijakan kendaraan listrik. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam makalah ini yaitu melalui reviu literatur menggunakan aplikasi vosviewer dan menganalisis perbandingan adopsi kebijakan kendaraan listrik dengan pendekatan pasar dan infrastruktur kendaraan listrik yang terjadi di Negara Korea Selatan dan Indonesia. Penelitian ini menghasilkan reviu literatur yang berkaitan dengan penerapan kebijakan kendaraan listrik dan membandingkan penerapan kebijakan yang dipilih oleh masing-masing negara. Peran dari seluruh aktor kebijakan kendaraan listrik yang terlibat menjadi salah satu kunci sukses dalam implementasinya. Hasil reviu menunjukkan ada dua alternatif yaitu kendaran listrik berbasis teknologi hybrid dan hidrogen, dan kendaraan listrik berbasis teknologi baterai. Berdasarkan hasil komparasi antara kendaraan listrik BEV dan hybrid, disimpulkan bahwa BEV mempunyai kelebihan: tidak menghasilkan emisi gas buang, dapat menumbuhkan hilirisasi industri baterai kendaraan listrik di Indonesia, dan mendukung mobil listrik nasional berbasis baterai. Diharapkan hasil studi ini dapat menjadi pertimbangan pemerintah Indonesia dalam menerapkan kebijakan pengembangan kendaraan litrik berbasis baterai.

Kata Kunci: kebijakan kendaraan listrik, kebijakan transportasi, studi komparasi bilateral, studi reviu literature

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

Section

Articles

Author Biography

Adventus Managam Simbolon, Universitas Padjadjaran Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan RI

I am scholarship student in Master of Public Policy at Padjadjaran University. 

Now, I work at Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan RI (2015-now).

References

Figenbaum, E. (2017). Perspectives on Norway’s supercharged electric vehicle policy. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 25, 14–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2016.11.002

Garasiid. (2021). Sejarah dan Perkembangan Mobil Listrik di Dunia yang Perlu Diketahui.

Hwang, S. K. (2015). Comparative study on electric vehicle policies between Korea and EU countries. World Electric Vehicle Journal, 7(4), 692–702. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj7040692

Jeddawi, M. (2014). Implementasi Kebijakan Green Growth Korea Selatan. Jom FISIP, 1(2), 1–11.

Kee, F. (2017). Adoption and Diffusion International Encylopedia of Oranizational Communication (In C Scott). New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell.

Kester, J., Noel, L., Zarazua de Rubens, G., & Sovacool, B. K. (2018). Policy mechanisms to accelerate electric vehicle adoption: A qualitative review from the Nordic region. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews Journal, 94(3), 719–731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.05.067

Lin, W.-Y., Hsiao, M.-C., Wu, P.-C., Fu, J. S., Lai, L.-W., & Lai, H.-C. (2020). Analysis of air quality and health co-benefits regarding electric vehicle promotion coupled with power plant emissions. Journal of Cleaner Production, 247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119152

Manggalani, R. U. (2021). Ajak Masyarakat Gunakan Mobil Listrik, Begini Strategi Pemerintah Korea Selatan.

Negara, K. S. Percepatan Program Kendaraan Bermotor Listrik Berbasis Baterai (Battery Electric Vehicle) Untuk Transportasi Jalan, Pub. L. No. Perpres Nomor 55 Tahun 2019 (2019). Indonesia.

Qiu, Y. Q., Zhou, P., & Sun, H. C. (2019). Assessing the effectiveness of city-level electric vehicle policies in China. Energy Policy, 130, 22–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.03.052

Rusli, B. (2013). Kebijakan publik membangun pelayanan publik yang responsif. Bandung: hakim publishing.

Spentzas, C. N. (1993). Towards an electric vehicle policy. International Journal of Vehicle Design, 14(2–3), 118–123.

Stokes, L. C., & Breetz, H. L. (2018). Politics in the U.S. energy transition: Case studies of solar, wind, biofuels and electric vehicles policy. Energy Policy, 113, 76–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2017.10.057

William Dunn, N. (2004). Public Policy Analysis An Introduction. New: Paerson Prentice hall.

Wolbertus, R., van den Hoed, R., Kroesen, M., & Chorus, C. (2021). Charging infrastructure roll-out strategies for large scale introduction of electric vehicles in urban areas: An agent-based simulation study. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 148, 262–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2021.04.010

Zhang, R., & Hanaoka, T. (2021). Deployment of electric vehicles in China to meet the carbon neutral target by 2060: Provincial disparities in energy systems, CO2 emissions, and cost effectiveness. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105622